Cosmetic Ingredient Chemicals — Page 3

Ubidecarenone

Coenzyme Q10 is a kind of small molecule fat soluble quinone organic compound widely existing in animal and plant cells. Its structure is similar to that of vitamin K. It is a strong antioxidant when used alone or in combination with vitamin E. It is necessary to drive the energy generation (ATP) cycle of human body. It has the function of promoting oxidative phosphorylation reaction and protecting the structural integrity of biofilm. Coenzyme Q from different sources has different number of isopentene units in its side chain. Human and mammalian are 10 isopentene units, so it is called coenzyme Q10. Coenzyme Q plays an important role in proton translocation and electron transfer in respiratory chain. It is an activator of cell respiration and metabolism, an important antioxidant and nonspecific immunoenhancer. Modern biological research has found that too much free radicals in the body will lead to the damage of genetic material and cell membrane. The macroscopic manifestations are aging, cancer and other symptoms. The process of scavenging free radicals is also known as "antioxidant". We know that life activities are driven by a variety of enzymes. Enzymes are macromolecular proteins. Some enzymes need the help of some small molecules when they perform their functions. These substances are called coenzymes. Coenzyme Q10 is present in mitochondria of cells. Mitochondria are the places where energy is produced in cells. Many enzymes and other molecules are involved in the process of energy production, and coenzyme Q10 is an indispensable one.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E is also called vitamin E. It is also called tocopherol or pregnant phenol. It is one of the most important antioxidants. Soluble in organic solvents such as fat and ethanol, insoluble in water, stable to heat and acid, unstable to alkali, sensitive to oxygen, insensitive to heat, but the activity of vitamin E decreased significantly when frying. It exists in oil, fruits, vegetables and grains. Vitamin E is a fat soluble vitamin with 8 forms. It is often used in cream and lotion because people believe that vitamin E can promote skin healing and reduce scar formation after being injured by burns.